High-speed steel refers to high-alloy tool steel containing a large amount of alloying elements such as tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium. High-speed steel can be divided into ordinary high-speed steel and high-performance high-speed steel according to different uses.
General-purpose high-speed steel has a certain hardness (63-66HRC), wear resistance, and high strength and toughness. When processing ordinary steel, the cutting speed is 50-60m/min, which is not suitable for high-speed cutting and super-hard material processing.
Powder metallurgy products made of hard alloys (WC, TiC, TaC, NbC, etc.) with high hardness and melting point. Co, Mo, Ni and other elements are used as binders, and their room temperature hardness can reach 78-82HRC. They can be used at high temperature of 800-1000℃, and their cutting speed is 4-10 times that of high-speed steel. However, its impact toughness and bending strength are much lower than high-speed steel, so it is rarely used as a whole machine application of CNC machine tools. In practice, hard alloy cutter heads are usually fixed on the tool body by welding or mechanical clamping.
The following are the three most commonly used hard alloys in CNC Turning Machine:
Tungsten Carbide Cobalt (YG), composed of tungsten carbide and cobalt
This hard alloy has good toughness but poor hardness and wear resistance, and is suitable for processing brittle materials (such as cast iron). The more Co in tungsten carbide cobalt, the better the toughness. Common brands are: YG8, YG6, YG3, and their tools are respectively used for rough machining, semi-fine machining, and fine machining.
Tungsten Titanium Cobalt Carbide (YT), composed of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide and cobalt
This hard alloy has good heat resistance and wear resistance, but poor impact toughness, and is suitable for cutting steel strips and other plastic materials. Precision numerical control lathes often use grades such as YT5, YT15, YT30, etc., where the number represents the content of titanium carbide. The higher the content of titanium carbide, the better the wear resistance and the lower the toughness. Tungsten, titanium, and cobalt tools are respectively used for rough machining, semi-fine machining, and fine machining.
Tungsten Titanium Tantalum (Niobium) hard alloy (YW) is composed of tungsten titanium cobalt hard alloy and a small amount of tantalum carbide (TaC) or niobium carbide (NbC)
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